Rudolf Steiner (1861 – 1925)

Rudolf Steiner was a philosopher and social reformer who was interested in the relationship between science and spirituality as well as arts, movement, architecture, and agriculture. Rudolf Steiner applies Goethe’s integrative insights into education, biodynamics and health – the core of Ruskin Mill Trust’s foundation for its method.

John Ruskin (1819 – 1900)

John Ruskin was a social thinker and philanthropist. He had a strong interest in the natural world, art and architecture. He also wrote essays about the political economy and expressed his views on the impact of the industrial revolution on communities and the environment. Ruskin’s views on environment, sustainability and craft are still highly valued today. Ruskin wanted to celebrate individual effort and creativity and wanted to find a way of maintaining the beauty of the world despite the increase in industrialisation.

William Morris (1834 – 1896)

William Morris was the founder of the post industrial arts and crafts movement. For forty years he attempted to realise John Ruskin’s vision of a citizen-artist. His vision was that utilitarian objects could also be works of art; “Have nothing in your house that you do not know to be useful, or believe to be beautiful”. He hoped, through the arts and crafts movement, to help transform the impact of the industrial revolution by converting demotivated labourers into inspired craftspeople.

In addition, he believed the craft aesthetic would re-introduce morals and values into society, and the arts and crafts celebrated the braided strength of art, work and virtue.

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749 – 1832)

Goethe’s engaged and participatory way of knowing the world and the self was fundamental for framing Steiner’s own path of knowledge that he was to subsequently elaborate, in particular through contemplative practice. Goethean scientific practice and in particular, Goethean observation; looking into rather than looking at, informs the work of Ruskin Mill Trust through the choice of learning environments, immersing students in the natural world; farms, woodlands, and gardens, as well as in our relationships with students. The Goethean method of research and observation develops a deeply empathetic relationship to place and to other.

Find out more about Goethean Science training courses available through the Field Centre.

Hildegard von Bingen (1098 – 1179)

Hildegard von Bingen was a Benedictine abbess, composer, writer, and philosopher during the Middle Ages. At a time when women were generally not held in high regard, Hildegard von Bingen was outstanding in her writing, and her knowledge was sought after by bishops, popes and kings. Hildegard von Bingen also wrote treatise on natural history and medicinal uses of plants, animals and minerals. Hildegard was advanced for her time and recognised the importance interrelationship between the natural world and humans.